150 participants, 17 nations, 23 presentations, 21 exhibitors and 3 sponsors – this is how this year's vgbe Conference Chemistry can be summarised in a nutshell, but the varied programme and intensive exchange offered much more than these figures suggest. The vgbe chemistry community met for the 61st time to discuss current challenges and look […]
ABSTRACT We provide evidence for the almost exclusive detection of oxalate (C2O42–) and phosphate (PO43–) in the low-pressure (LP) saturated steam during an eight-month period involving commissioning and commercial operation of a new triple-pressure circuit combined cycle plant with a feed-forward LP drum. This interval coincided with a period in which the antiscalant dosage into […]
ABSTRACT Calcium carbonate scaling (CaCO₃) is a persistent challenge that has plagued water heating and industrial heat exchange systems since ancient times. This paper reviews the fundamental chemical interactions between natural water sources and carbonate minerals that lead to scale formation and shows how environmental conditions, temperature effects, and operational factors influence saturation and deposition. […]
ABSTRACT Industrial plant operators are constantly seeking cost-effective and readily available sources of makeup water. Nevertheless, the utilization of a low-cost water source does not guarantee a reduction in overall operational costs. It is evident that water sources which are less expensive and more readily available tend to be lower in quality and more difficult […]
